* UPDATE 1/2025 Version 4.7 *
These new historical studies listed below suggest a radical theory that recorded Indo-European history was incorrectly compiled by certain influential scholars and publishers nearly five centuries ago. Moreover, if other studies can verify this radical theory, then perhaps a new world time scale is needed to replace the common era of the A.D. time scale.
The reason why Indo-European history could have been incorrectly compiled nearly five centuries ago was because during the need to translate Roman numerical data into modern numerical data, several calendrical mistakes led historians into misunderstanding the true length of recorded history.
To better understand this new radical theory of how the true chronology of Western History was misunderstood by historians nearly five centuries ago, the following bordered section of this essay is an excerpt -- written in May 1997, from an article entitled: AN INTERVIEW WITH THE AUTHOR. The full article can be found at a link within the ABOUT THE AUTHOR page area of this website.
Duane: As I state in my book project, during the early Renaissance, just when the printing press was repackaging many hand-written archives -- and a new numerical system was replacing the Roman count value system, many scholars and publishers followed the chronological conclusions of the highly illustrated works of THE NUREMBERG CHRONICLE by Hartmann Schedel. This "artwork" project was a very detailed rendering that graphically and chronologically described an "outline of Western History" from the creation of the Biblical patriarch named Adam. It was published the year after Columbus discovered the New World and survived the great "book burning" campaign issued by the Papal Bull order of 1501 A.D..
Reporter 3: Are you saying that because some publisher in 1493 published a book with a mistaken time-line of recorded history, all other historians followed it and that's why conventional history is wrong? Isn't that a little presumptuous to assume that every historian within the last five centuries made no effort to verify that history book -- or any one history book created during the early Renaissance?
Duane: I will try to answer your two questions as follows; First, yes I believe that recorded conventional history could have been "established" by powerful leaders -- with the help of the newly invented printing press, during the early Renaissance. And that while other time-line versions of history may have been also published, perhaps none of them survived the power of the religious leaders during the "book burning" campaign of 1501. Second, like the old maxim suggest -- "History repeats itself; historians repeat each other", perhaps it is possible that historians have been following a chronology which was written five centuries ago -- when very few scholars had the resources to verify or challenge a time-line of history endorsed by the local church.
Reporter 3: What about all those dated manuscripts from before the Renaissance -- surely they contain dates that predate any history book and "outline of Western History" printed in 1493? How do you explain away these manuscripts?
Duane: We have assumed that historians have been keeping time records since -- well, Biblical times. Perhaps all those dated manuscripts were following the dated conclusions of other historians -- one in particular was Dionysius Exiguus, who, according to conventional history, lived some five centuries after Christ. Dionysius established the "A.D." time-line -- and used the Roman numeral value system to count historical values. In my book, I discuss how his work and the work of other historians, like the Greco-Egyptian mathematician named Ptolemy, could have created a time-line that influenced Medieval historians. Any original dated manuscript from before the Renaissance is based on the Roman numeral value system which I explain may be misunderstood because of several reasons.
One concept is that the letter "M" symbol may mean a "thousand" to some, but it could have also marked or represented "thy son" symbol -- meaning a Christian mark symbol just before a year count of a date related to Biblical times.
Reporter 3: Are you suggesting that the Roman numeral "M", when used by Medieval historians to date Medieval events, does not equal the numerical value of a thousand?
Duane: Yes -- but because some late Medieval historians assumed that the letter "M" had a value of a thousand when dating events, other historians followed the practice and eventually many historical dates from that era reflected the habit. I believe there exist several examples of late Medieval dates that "excludes" the Roman numerical "M" symbol in their count. Perhaps these "abbreviated" dates are closer to the true year count of Western History than the "long version" dates from that era. Moreover, another numerical letter symbol may have also been misunderstood during archive translations. Because the Latin symbol of "C" has a value of 100, and the "G" symbol has a value of 1000 -- as in the word "Grand", perhaps the value of the two symbols were mistakenly interchanged by some important scholars during translation -- thus creating an extra "zero" in certain counting situations. Also, it is important to understand that the true length of the Middle Ages depends on whether certain principal dated Medieval archives are original or copies. If they are copies, then they could have been modified by other historians who assumed a different time-line of Western History.
Reporter 3: If what you say is true, then the Middle Ages did not last a thousand years. How many years then do you believe existed within this time period?
Duane: The time period between ancient history and modern history -- otherwise known as the "Middle" Ages, is as yet unknown. When I first published my book, I made no attempt to question the time value of the Middle Ages -- however, in Version 2 of my book project, I did try to "shrink" the conventional thousand year time-line value down to a much smaller scale, but have since withheld any conclusions until more research is done.
[UPDATE 12/97: New astronomical evidence based on the 76-period comet and the "Star of Bethlehem" event suggest that approximately 120 years may be the year count between Christ and the Renaissance.]
Reporter 2: How many years ago do you believe Atlantis existed?
Duane: That answer depends on the true length of the Middle Ages. And until I find enough conclusive evidence that gives the true length, I don't know.
[UPDATE 12/97: Based on the previous update statement -- and other calendrical data, the capital seaport of Atlantis could have existed less than a thousand years ago.]
Reporter 3: Your book project also attempts to give a smaller time value to the Greco-Roman Era. You claim that because early historians mistakenly dated the original Olympiad time-line to a four-year event, instead of an annual event, all of Greco-Roman history is four times greater than the truth. If that were so, how come no other historian has ever reached the same conclusion?
Duane: Perhaps because no other historian needed to look at conventional history like I have. Most historians have either been content to just repeat history or "fill in the gaps" of conventional history. Perhaps it was easier to write with the momentum of conventional history than to argue with it. Actually, many historians have been true researchers, but five centuries ago the job of the historian was probably more inventive than scientific because of the limited data available to them. The Renaissance may have been the "age of discovery" -- but the "age of information" we all now live in also helps in truly understanding historical data.
In the interim, I have since learned that even if our current dating system was incorrectly "packaged" and "published" nearly five centuries ago, it seems little can be done to change the momentum of the Anno Domini (A.D.) or Common Era (C.E.) dating system.
When our current dating system was passing the year date of 2000 A.D., we all assumed that nearly twenty centuries have passed since the birth of Christ. This common assumption is about to change because of new calendrical data now available. Perhaps a better understanding of the true length of Western History will result in a new time-line.
Again, the following excerpts are from "THE NEW WORLD TIME SCALE" article.
While maintaining the traditional and historical sequence of Biblical, Greco-Roman and Medieval events, this new time scale advocates an anthropological perspective in which modern civilization originated not from the "fertile crescent" of the Middle East in the Old World, but rather from the Caribbean Basin of Middle America in the New World.
This new time scale suggest a much, much smaller annual record of human history on this planet than what is currently taught in schools. In fact, modern education may be about to experience a surprising shock wave of an historical time bomb!
A new version of human history has recently been created and awaits public review.
Every time we date a check or enter the date on some business transaction, we are subconsciously acknowledging an ancient time scale formulated in an age when nearly ninety-percent of the public was illiterate and grossly ignorant of world geography.
It was also at this time, during the first mass printing of books done by machine, European scholars began using a number system based on a new "non-Roman" number symbol arrangement.
THE BIBLICAL ERA
At the time of this writing the conventional year date of 1994 A.D. -- and is assumed to represent that one-thousand nine-hundred and ninety-four years have transpired between the birth of Christ and the present.
The New Testament term "Anno Domini" or "A.D." (Year of our Lord) displayed next to the assumed date in years after the birth of Christ, represents a patriarchal time marker wherein every year the Western World is reminded of how many annual units have taken place since the birth of Christ.
Old Testament dates before the birth of Christ are represented by the symbols "B.C." meaning "Before Christ" and are thought to be measured in years back to the approximate birth date of Adam -- or the first known Patriarch in Hebrew literature.
Some Hebrew genealogical documents can be retranslated into smaller annual values by assigning sub-annual values to the conventional numerical dates between certain patriarchs.
Although untangling ancient biblical history can get extremely controversial and difficult to understand, the annual dates between some primary patriarchs can be done.
First, by translating the conventional annual value between the beginning of the Hebrew Calendar and the birth of Christ into lunar units, a much smaller annual time value will appear.
For example, the 3761 B.C. birth date of Adam -- which is also the start of the Hebrew Calendar, can now be realized as 3761 Hellenic months before Christ -- or about 314 Hellenic years before Christ.
(A Hellenic year equals 360 days or 12 months at 30-days per month.)
[UPDATE 12/97: 3,761 months at 29.53 days per month equals 304 years at 365.25 days a year. Therefore, 304 years before Christ is the date of Adam.]
An example of how Biblical annual unit values can be devalued into lunar unit values is found in the assumed age of the oldest Biblical patriarch known as Methuselah. If his Biblical age of 969 "years" were understood as 969 months, then his real annual age would be about 80 years.
The conventional date of the prophet Daniel may have lived only 625 months or only fifty years before Christ -- and not 625 "years" before.
And if 1250 months were added together at 29.5 days a month, Moses would have been born only about 101 years before the birth of Christ -- instead of c.1250 B.C. as believed by many Biblical scholars.
Another contributing factor as to the reason annual dates of biblical history were inflated by theologians nearly five-hundred years ago can be found in understanding the true annual value of
a time period used to measure ancient history called a Jubilee.
(Counting the Jubilees to measure historical time by historians was easier than counting the complex days and months when measuring long periods of human history -- however, assigning the wrong annual value to the different types of Jubilees caused problems in properly measuring human history.)
[UPDATE: New calendrical research reveals that the original Biblical Jubilee was based on five types of time alignment ceremony events to balance out the annual calendar. The first type of Jubilee was a "pass-over" extra 7-day weekly event every 7-years. The second was a "pass-over" extra one-day event every year -- or "year day" event. The third was a "pass-over" extra one-day event every 4-years -- or "leap day" event. The fourth -- and this is when the Jubilee count event really gets interesting, was a "pass-over" extra one-day event every alternate 4th and 5th year -- with a super "pass-over" extra one-day event every 50-years to account for the True Tropical Solar Year count of 365.2422 days per year.]
It seems that the Hebrews of ancient Phoenicia once employed a calendrical "leap" week formula in which every 364 weeks -- or seven years, an extra week was added to account for a solar calendar based on 365 days a year. This became known as a "Jubilee" event in early time alignment ceremonies -- which was celebrated with the blowing of the ram's horn or the "bell ringing" event -- as in ringing "the bell" -- or "je bel".
However, at some point it was learned that a total count of just 365 days every year would "fall behind" the true seasonal count of annual time -- and extra "leap days" were needed in the calendar to keep up with the timely arrival of the "God" star Sirus every year.
But adding extra days every year to a 7-day weekly calendar count became problematic for some timekeepers because the extra day was not a "week-day" -- and placing an extra day within an annual calendar based on a weekly count created timely issues in counting historical time between places where time was kept.
Notwithstanding the idea of adding extra days onto a weekly system of counting annual time problem, timekeepers invented a way to disregard the 7-year pass-over "week" event and created a new calender count formula with an annual "pass-over" day after 364 days -- or 52-weeks, when an extra day was added to the calendar -- together with an extra leap day every 4-years that equaled 365.25 days a year. But this created a small time problem over the years where the extra leap day every 4-years added too much time to the calendar.
Therefore -- as it turned out, by adding a leap day every alternate 4th and 5th year -- together with adding an extra leap day exactly every 50-years, the value of the True Tropical Solar Year of 365.2422 days was met for true timekeeping.
The novel idea of adding leap days every alternate 4th and 5th year -- together with an extra leap day exactly every 50-years, can be found in Plato's writings when he decribes that the Atlanteans would meet every alternate 4th and 5th year -- together with the knowledge that "time monuments" in the New World were "ceremonially enlarged" every 50-years.
Now, when Biblical transscribers were counting Biblical records some five centuries ago in an attempt to "map out the past", they apparently confused a 7-year Jubilee count with the much longer time period Jubilee count of 50 years, and mistakenly inflated the true time values of ancient history.
For example, if there was a total Jubilee count between Christ and the discovery of the New World that equaled about 30 Jubilees -- based on 50-years between Jubilees, then about 1500 years would have existed -- which apparently was believed by scholars some five centuries ago.
However, if the 30 Jubulee count is based on a 7-year period of time between events -- and not a 50-year period of time between events, then only about 210 years would have existed between Christ and the discovery of the New World.
So, according to other calendrical data, if Christ was born some 304 years after Adam -- and only about 210 years later, the discovery of the New World by European sailors and map makers took place, the total time-line of human history only adds up to about five centuries -- and not some five millenniums as portrayed in the BC/AD timeline.
THE GRECO-ROMAN ERA
The annual history of the Greeks and Romans have been calibrated to the time unit known as the Olympiad. While historical scholars were "packaging" their interpretation of Old World Governmental History from limited calendrical data nearly five centuries ago, they confused the annual value of a 4-year "leap" day time period from the Julian Calendar, once used by the Romans, with the original time value of the Olympiad.
New research has revealed the original Olympiad, and the governmental rulers of the Greco-Roman Era, belong to an annual time count of the four-seasons.
In other words, the 292 documented Olympiads between the first Olympiad near Mt. Olympus and the last Olympiad (392 A.D.) should not be multiplied by four to achieve a total span of over a thousand years, but instead should be counted as 292 years that contains four seasons each year.
The revival of the Olympiad nearly a hundred years ago as a 4-year event was a nice idea -- however, like the historians of the Renaissance, the group responsible also misunderstood the original annual value of the true Olympiad.
The original purpose of the Olympiad was to mark an annual agricultural calendar of the four-seasons with a one-day festival and athletic event. How historians ever interpreted it as a five-day event every four-years is a short story in itself.
It seems the original Olympiad, like the Patriarchal "pass-over" day, was part of an annual "leap" day event that belonged to a seven-day weekly calendar system of counting time.
However, when the Hellenic Empire took control during the 77th Olympiad, a ten-day weekly count system instituted by the new government corrupted the original value of a one day event into a five day event. The five day Olympiad is linked to a 36 ten-day week annual calendar -- which had five days "left over" every year.
When the Romans reintroduced a seven day week counting system after the last Olympiad in 392 -- which was the same time the eastern Byzantine Empire split from the western "Holy Roman" Empire, the Julian Calendar included a "leap" day event every 4 years that was misinterpreted during the Renaissance as the annual value of the original Olympiad. This calendrical mistake created by historians about five hundred years ago has resulted in a time span four times its original true value.
When the Holy Bible was being assembled into the King James version by historians -- together with another book project from the early printing era called the NUREMBERG CHRONICLE that contained incorrect time values of human history, other historians built upon these calendrical misinterpretation of human history and, as a consequence, the dated history of the Greeks and Romans apparently lasted for over a thousand years -- at least in print.
THE MIDDLE AGES
Conventional history portrays the period between the fall of Rome in c.476 A.D. and the beginning of the printing press in Europe in c.1450 A.D. as the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages have also been identified with the Dark Ages because the nearly 1000-year time period amounted to little in the way of inventions, discoveries and general human development when compared to the pace of our modern era.
(Actually, the age of the Byzantine Empire and the time period of the Middle Ages are almost the same time span because when the Olympiad count stopped in c.392 A.D., the Greco-Roman Empire was divided into by the "Barbarian Migrations" epoch.)
[UPDATE 4/2017: The actual time value of the Middle Ages can vary between the last Oylmpiad count in 392 and the discovery of the New World in 1492. The dates of Rome falling to the "barbarians" in 476 and the invention of the printing press in about 1450 are within this period of time -- but the overall conventional value of Middle Ages equals about 1100 years. However, new historical data suggest that only 100 years existed between the last Olympiad in 392 and the discovery of the New World 1492.]
This negative human progress led historical scholars of the Renaissance to "catalog" a poorly documented time period to fit between ancient Greco-Roman history and modern history. The discovery of the printing press and the New World were major events in world history and mark the beginning of the modern era.
A major contributing factor for this calendrical misunderstanding is the mistaken numerical translation from Old World governmental archives, between the Latin number symbol of "C" valued at 100, and the Greek symbol of "G", which is valued at 1000.
The reason the value of the two number symbols were confused during archival translations is based on a recent two-layer discovery process in deciphering the origin of the pictorial symbols themselves.
The first discovery lies within the principal that during the early evolution of alphabetical and numerical symbol formulas, ancient scholars associated a unique calendrical coincident in which 99 phases of the moon equals almost exactly eight solar years -- thus, the crescent-moon symbol of "C" was once used to graphically explain the "astronomical value" of 100. It became the Latin symbol equaling 100 in the Roman numeral system.
The second discovery is based upon the alpha-numerical concept that the non-Roman number symbol of "8" when written looks very much like the lower case italic symbol of "g" having a "capital value" of 1000 as in the word "Grand". Moreover, the third letter symbol in the Greek and Hebrew alphabets are the named characters of "gamma" and "gimel" beginning with the Latin "G" symbol instead of the Latin "C" symbol.
When the scholars of the early Renaissance began translating earlier calendrical archives of medieval history, they mistakenly interchanged the Roman value of "C" (100) with "G" (1000), believing that the printed number value of "C" equaled the written number value of the lower case italic symbol of "G" -- resulting in the greatly inflated value of the Middle Ages.
Also, it is interesting to note that the Roman numerical system cannot graphically express the value of zero (0).
A brief look into the study of early coin graphics may also help to understand this new calendrical perspective regarding a smaller numerical value for the Middle Ages.
Extensive examination of Old World governmental coins, which in themselves represent perhaps the most important "hard copy" of the true chronological record of Old World Governmental History, will reveal alpha-numerical data that almost every European coin dated before the voyage of Christopher Columbus displays only Roman numeral symbols.
The modern numerical system of dating events in "scriptural" symbols on coins or any written material, really did not begin until after the discovery of the New World.
The few existing European coins with modern numeric dates from just before the voyage of Columbus may have been minted after Columbus with dates suggesting when the event was "founded" and not when the coin was "minted".
Moreover, any original manuscript from before the Renaissance that displays the modern numerical dating system probably uses the abbreviated form without the thousand value of "M" before the date.
Therefore, while the historians of the early Renaissance were compiling their interpretation of Old World Governmental History, they could only presume the calendrical dates of certain important medieval events or rulers and based them on Roman letter symbol values.
Another contributing factor as to the reason the annual value of the Middle Ages were inflated can be found in the following time formula.
There exist a fantastic "calendrical coincident" that must have influenced historical scholars who compiled and published offical history during the printing of a book called the NUREMBERG CHRONICLE.
The fact that in 1493 A.D. -- the year the book was published, and that 77,777 weeks also equals almost the same year period value as 1492 years, helped influenced the idea that Christ mistakenly lived 1492 years before the publication.
In other words, a "divine date" -- or "anchor date", in which this special numerical weekly count and the discovery date of a huge continental realm in the western Atlantic -- together with the publication of the book, marked the historic beginning of a new age.
(77,777 weeks times 7 equals 544,439 days or 1491.6 years at 365 days a year)
So, the true value of the Middle Ages was published incorrectly and no historian in five centuries has noticed this major historical mistake.
Imagine the lifestyle developments of the last two centuries and compare them to the lifestyle developments of what is supposed to be fifteen centuries between Christ and the Renaissance. Does not conventional Old World Governmental History seem unbalanced?
Was the daily living in Roman times that much different from the daily living in the time of Columbus? If not, then why is the concept that almost a thousand years of history existed between the two time periods so believable? Did the Dark Ages really last a thousand years? Why has no historian ever bothered to question this thousand-year inflation mistake?
Perhaps because historians of the last five-hundred years would rather write stories to fill the gaps between important medieval events than to challenge the "calendrical outline" created by certain religious or political scholars from the Renaissance.
What all this calendrical math comes down to is that after lining up our new Biblical and Olympiad dates of Christ and graphically placing these annual time count values before the true 100-year value of the Middle Ages time period, the historical discovery that Christ was alive less than a thousand years ago is hard -- but not impossible, to believe.
This extraordinary historical discovery is scientifically supported by recent radiocarbon-14 evidence in which the "Turin Shroud of Christ" was extensively examined and dated at about seven centuries ago.
UPDATE 2: Based on new calendrical data, historical scholars of the early Renaissance - who first published the A.D. timeline in mass print, misinterpreted the year count value between the last Olympiad of 392 A.D. (CCCDXXXXII) and 1492 A.D. (MCCCCDXXXXII) as 1,100 years because it was incorrectly assumed by them the letter "M" symbol had a numerical time count value of one-thousand years. Only one-hundred years can now be accounted for between a 392 year count and a 492 year count - therefore, the true time count known as the "Middle Ages" is much smaller than the conventional value of about a thousand years.
UPDATE 3: There exist an "interesting coincidence" between the year count of the Jewish Calendar birth date of Adam in 1947 A.D. -- which equaled 5707, and the "half-life count" of the Carbon-14 isotope "formula discovery" in c.1947 of 5730 +/- 40 years. In other words, is the most popular scientific dating system of our era -- the Carbon-14 process, calibrated to the assumed starting date of the Jewish Calendar? Would the Carbon-14 half-life formula number system have ever been accepted by academic institutions if it did not conform to the conventional BC/AD calendar dates that have been established for centuries? If yes to these questions -- perhaps then we need to question all conventional Carbon-14 dates of artifacts and places beyond about a thousand years ago -- and use proper Dentrochronology -- or tree-ring count dating instead, to date human history.
UPDATE 4: Perhaps one of the most important recent discoveries regarding major historical mistakes within the popular conventional B.C. / A.D. Judaic dating system of human history is based on the novel understanding that the value symbol of what was believed to be the first number of a four-unit annual time count period of dates from before the discovery of the New World, was not a number -- but was, in fact, the lower case letter symbol of "j" -- as in years after "Jesus". And because the lower case letter of "j" was mistranslated as "i" or "I" -- which equals the Roman numeral value of "one" or "1", a thousand years of false history was created within the Judaic dating system of human history.
In other words, because the first symbol in the annual count of dates within the late Middle Ages is a letter symbol meaning -- and not a number symbol value, the true number count of annual dates related to Jesus Christ and family -- prior to about five centuries ago when modern numbers superceeded Roman numbers in counting things, needs to disregard the "thousand" placement number symbol, and only count the set of numbers after the letter "I". For example, the annual count of 1527 A.D. is actually a date count that equals the number value of 527 -- or only 527 years after an important date related to the birth of Jesus Christ and his patriarchal ancestors.
Also, another major mistake -- regarding the popular conventional B.C. / A.D. Judaic dating system of human history, can now be understood by realizing that the Roman letter of "M" -- which has a numerical value of a "thousand" -- and a word value of "thou-son", as in Jesus Christ "the son of God", was mistakenly placed before the year count of dates by historical scholars during the early Renaissance. This mistake contributed to the misunderstanding that a thousand year period known as the "Dark Ages" existed prior to the Renaissance.
UPDATE 5: Another way to understand the first placement unit value within a four unit date statement from dates beyond about five centuries ago can be seen in the following data:
First -- as mentioned in UPDATE 4, if the lower case letter of "J" equals "j" -- which some historians now believe equals the symbol value of "Jesus" -- as in the annual date count of years after the birth of "Jesus Christ" -- and not the thousand numerical value of "1" within a four-unit date statement, then the three-unit year count after the letter of the "j" symbol actually equals the true annual count value of the dated statement.
In other words, an example year date of 1582 A.D. actually equals "Jesus-582" -- or 582 years after Jesus Christ -- who was related to Adam.
Therefore, because the first symbol in a four-unit year date from about five centuries ago, can now be understood as a letter symbol -- and not a number value, the true annual value of conventional A.D. dates -- found in most every conventional history book, should only be based on the three-unit value after the letter of "j" -- which equals "Jesus" and not the number of "1".
This new understanding of human history removes the thousand-year period of time -- known as "The Middle Ages", from the conventional A.D. timeline of human history.
Second, because the lower case letter symbol of "j" not only equals the lower case symbol of "i" -- which was mistakenly recorded as a Roman number "I" -- that also has a modern number value of "1", the capital letter of "J" also looks like another letter of the early Greek Alphabet -- such as the Lambda letter of "L"
Moreover, because the Greek Lambda letter of "L" shares some simularity with the first letter of the Latin Alphabet -- the capital letter of "A" -- without the cross bar and rotated upwards, early scholars -- who where using letters for numbers, may have confused the early versions of counting systems, when giving numerical values to letter symbols.
It should be known that because the first modern number symbol of "1" almost looks like the number "7" -- but with a smaller top line, the upward arrow symbol of "A" -- without the cross bar line, may have also equaled the same value.
So -- if some modern historians now believe that the first unit symbol in A.D. dates actually equals a letter and not a number, then perhaps the "j" letter could also equal the Lambda-like "A" letter -- which could represent an important character and reference point in recorded history related to Jesus Christ.
And because Biblical leaders like Moses kept genealogical records of his ancestors, it would make sense that somebody somewhere would use his records while figuring out the dates of ancient human history. That somebody somewhere was perhaps a group of certain influential historical scholars from the Renaissance Era who published the Nuremberg Chronicle in 1493.
Also, if these historical scholars mistakenly altered some of Moses' lunar count values into annual values -- such as the age of Methuselah, wherein his recorded age of 969 "years" actually equals 969 months -- or about 78 real years, perhaps the Lambda-like "A" letter -- or "1" symbol in the four-unit date statement from the Renaissance Era, may also equal the word "Adam" -- or the first man in recorded human history.
Because the BC/AD timescale is based on two persons -- Adam and Jesus Christ, this new theoretical way of viewing the annual timeline of human history -- which is the annual timeline of Western Civilization, should be reviewed by modern historians if we truely want to understand real human history.